Romania has participated 23 times in the Contest since making its debut in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994 in Dublin. It attempted to participate the previous year but finished last in the pre-qualifying round.
Over years the country has seen poor results but has also achieved its best result twice, finishing third in 2005 and 2010 respectively. It has finished in the Top 10 six times and since the introduction of the semi finals it has only failed to qualify for the final twice - in 2018 when its entrant The Humans missed out qualifying with a four-point gap between them and tenth-placed Hungary and again the following year with the song "On a Sunday" performed by Ester Peony.
The country debuted at the inaugural Junior Eurovision Song Contest in Copenhagen, finishing in 10th place. They participated a further six times, scoring their best result the following year with a 4th place finish. Following their appearance at the 2009 Contest they decided to withdraw and have not competed since.